Why must a vessel maintain a proper loading plan?

Maintaining a proper loading plan is crucial for ensuring that the center of gravity of the vessel remains within safe limits. A vessel's stability is fundamentally linked to its center of gravity and the distribution of weight on board. When a vessel is loaded properly, this ensures that the center of gravity is low enough and well-positioned to avoid excessive heel or even capsizing.

If the load is improperly distributed, the center of gravity can shift too high or too far to one side, which adversely affects the stability of the vessel. This could lead to dangerous situations, especially in rough sea conditions or during maneuvers. By following a specific loading plan, which takes into account the weight and position of cargo, crew, and fuel, the crew can help ensure the vessel remains stable and complies with safety regulations.

While balancing cargo is important, it primarily relates to maintaining stability through an optimal center of gravity rather than focusing solely on balance. Additionally, increasing cargo capacity and complying with docking regulations are not as directly related to vessel stability as the correct positioning of the center of gravity. Ultimately, the correct loading plan plays a vital role in the overall safety and performance of the vessel at sea.