Which statement best describes dynamic stability?

Dynamic stability refers to the ability of a vessel to maintain its stability while in motion and subjected to external forces, such as wind and waves. This concept takes into account how these forces affect the ship's equilibrium and its ability to return to an upright position when tilted by such influences.

When a vessel is underway, it experiences various dynamic forces that can alter its stability. For instance, rolling due to wave action or heeling due to winds can impact its upright position and overall safety. Therefore, assessing dynamic stability is crucial for understanding the vessel's performance in real operating conditions, especially in adverse weather.

The other options focus on different aspects of ship stability or design. One option pertains to stationary conditions, which directly relates to static stability but does not encompass the complexities of movement and external forces. Another option addresses weight distribution, which is a critical aspect of stability but does not specifically cover the dynamic interactions at play when the vessel is in motion. The final choice deals with structural integrity rather than stability, making it irrelevant in the context of assessing how a ship behaves under forces while operating at sea.