What is one effect of incorrect fuel distribution on stability?

The correct answer highlights a significant safety concern in the field of naval architecture and maritime operations. Incorrect fuel distribution can lead to an unbalanced weight distribution within the vessel. This can adversely affect the center of gravity and the metacentric height, key factors in determining a vessel's stability.

When fuel is not evenly distributed, it can cause the center of gravity to shift. If the center of gravity rises due to excessive weight in one part of the vessel, or if it moves away from the centerline, the vessel becomes more prone to heel over (tilt) under the force of external factors such as wind or waves. This increased heel creates a greater risk of capsizing, as it may push the vessel beyond its stability limits.

In contrast, other answer choices do not directly address stability concerns. For example, while decreased operational range can result from poor distribution of weight, it relates more to operational economics than stability. Similarly, the potential for enhanced navigation efficiency or the capacity to accommodate larger cargo loads are not relevant to the pressing issues of vessel stability and safety. Hence, recognizing the implications of fuel distribution on stability highlights the critical nature of proper weight management onboard vessels.