What defines dynamic stability in a vessel?

Dynamic stability in a vessel refers to the ability of the vessel to resist rolling or pitching motions when it is subjected to external disturbances, such as wave action, wind, and other environmental factors. This concept is particularly important because it accounts for the vessel's response to changing conditions while it is in motion.

When a vessel experiences external forces, dynamic stability determines how well it maintains its upright position and how effectively it can recover from tilting or rolling. This is crucial for ensuring safety at sea, as a vessel that is dynamically stable can better handle the stresses imposed by the marine environment without capsizing or becoming dangerously unstable.

The focus on stability under external disturbances differentiates dynamic stability from other concepts such as static stability, which deals with the balance of the vessel while at rest or in a stable state without accounting for movement or environmental influences.